Ingot-perfecting machine.



No. 755,368. PATENTED MAR. 22, 1904.. R. W. HUNT.

INGOT PERFEGTING MACHINE.

. APPLIOATfON FILED MAY 20. 1903. .uo MODEL.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l' lll w: Nonms wzrzws co. PHOTO-LX040. wnsmunmu. D- c "N0. 755,368PATENTED MAR. 22, 1904. v R. W. HUNT.

INGOT PERFEGTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 1903.

H0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mli W will] I'IIIII I HI l 11 lu lu Patented March 2.2, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT W. HUNT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

.lNGOT-PERFECTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 755,368, dated lsiarch22, 1904;.

Application filed May 20, 1903. Serial No. 158,044. (No model.) i

To all whom/it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT W. HUNT, of the city of Chicago, county ofCook, and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful andImproved Ingot-Perfecting Machine, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to the perfecting or curing of steel ingots thatcontain pipes or cavities and which would otherwise be unfit for use.

My invention has special reference to a machine for perfecting steelingots in rail-mills and during the time when the ingots are in transitfrom the converter-house to the moldstripping station.

In the conduct of a rail-mill the molten steel is taken from theconverter and poured into the ingot-mold with the greatest possibledespatch. The filled mold then makes way for another and is allowed tostand until the ingot metal becomes sufficiently solid to retain itsform. Thereupon the mold is stripped from the ingot and the latter istaken to the soaking-pit, from which, after being reheated, it is takento the rolls, where it is manufactured or rolled into rails.

The present value of the manufactured product is such that the entireprocess of casting and rolling steel ingots to be profitable must beconducted with celerity and with as little labor as possible. Even whenevery care is used in casting an ingot it is likely to be piped or tocontain large blow-holes, and thus be renderedunfit for use. This dangeris obviously increased when even the most simple precautions areneglected. In such an establishment the rolling-mill is planned to takecare of the maximum output of theconverters of theplant and when inoperation it is a constantdr-ain upon the converter-house or department,the ingots being used as rapidly as they can "be cast at the converters.Consequently it becomes necessary to expedite the work of molding orcasting the ingots in every way that is found practicable, and nothingis allowed" to interfere with the casting and sending out of the ingots.All of the known methodsof treating an ingot toinsure uniformity andsolidity are such that they must be employed immediately afterthepouring and casting of the ingot and require the expenditure of anexcessive amount of valuable time in the converter-house. Inasmuch asthe product of the rolling-mill is dependent upon the output of theconverter or casting house, it will be readily seen that any time lostor delay suffered at said converter-house involves a heavy loss fromidleness in the rolling-mill department, the productiveness of the plantas a whole being reduced. Thus it. happens that the several precautionsthat could be adopted to prevent the development of blow-holes and pipesin ingots and better insure a solid ingot such as slow pouring,supplemented by packing or wedging the tops of the ingot in the mold,the spraying thereof and other like methods-are dispensed with becauseof the cost of carrying them out. The outcome of this lack of care incasting railingots is that comparatively large numbers of imperfectingots are formed, the same containing pipes, cavities, or blow-holes ofvarying extent.

It is a well-known fact that the piping of an ingot is due to theshrinkage of the steel within the ingot-walls, which form quickly afterthe molten steel has been poured .into the mold, and that the liberationof the occluded gases from the molten steel during solidification andtheir collection at the center and in the upper part of the ingot havemuch to do with the extent of the pipe or cavity therein. It is alsowell known that the metalloids contained in molten steel part with theirheat less readily than the steel proper, and therefore as the steelcools are forced toward the central and upper parts of the ingot andultimately face or line the walls of any cavity therein. The metalloidsthat may be present in a common steel ingot will be found to predominateat its center and account for the relative weakness of the metal in theaxial portion of the ingot. A merely impure central portion or core inan ingot does not materially affect the make-up or strength of a rail orother article that is rolled from the ingot; but when the metalloids aresegregated from the steel mass, as when they are present on the walls ofa pipe or cavity, they prevent the welding together of said walls at anytime thereafter.

unfit and unsafe for use.

.Hence when an ingot containing a pipe or large blow-hole is reheatedand rolled the cavity is simply elongated and takes the form of a widelong crack or flaw, or several thereof, greatly diminishing the strengthof the finished rail or bar. In rails these flaws are usually found inthe rail-web or in the lower part of the rail-head and when presentrender the rail Rails of this character are called piped rails, andalthough all rails are carefully inspected piped rails often escapedetection, the cracks and flaws therein seldom being visible upon theirsurfaces. Such rails therefore find their way into railroad-tracks andnot infrequently cause disastrous railroad wrecks by crushing andbreaking under the Wheel blows and the weight of trains. It is possibleto avoid the efiects of ingot pipes by cutting off and discarding thetops of all ingots, as is the practice in the manufacture of finerarticles, such as armor-plate; but such waste and expense prohibits thepractice of this precaution in 'still molten.

rail-mills, the operators being compelled to use the ingots whole andtrust to final inspec- -tion for the discarding of the imperfectproducts. Quantities of rails are thus rejected and it is evident thatpiped ingots-are a source of great loss. Nevertheless, this loss is lessthan would result from the readoption of the .old slow method of packingthe molds or the like at theconverter or pouring station. It seemsevident, therefore, that it is futile to attempt or propose anytreatment of or' operation upon the ingot which must take place at thepouring-station and require the expenditure of any considerable amountof time at that point, yet up to this time no successful method ormachine has been devised for perfecting heavy ingots at any other timeor place, unless the process of compression which is too costly for usein rail-millsbe excepted.

Numerous investigators have endeavored to account for the presence oflarge cavities and blow-holes in cast-steel ingots; but I believe thatit is generally admitted that their occurthe ingot has left thepouring-station.

My conception is that the chemical nature of the steel, the changes thattake place therein, and the sum-total of the shrinkage within the ingotmay be entirely disregarded, provided a way and means are devised forperfecting the ingot cheaply after the ingot has partially solidified,but while its interior is A considerable period is always allowed forthe natural solidification of the ingot before the mold is stripped, andI find that the ingot may be successfully treated during this periodwithout interrupting the work of any department of the mill. The processwhich I employ is described in a companion application of even dateherewith, filed May 20, 1903, Serial No. 158,042, and consists,primarily, in the following steps, to witfirst, pouring the molten metalinto the mold and then allowing the filled mold to stand for someminutes until the top crust of the ingot forms and takes on considerablethickness and strength, then preparing a heated rod of steel andthrusting said rod through the top crust of the ingot into the centralor axial portion of the ingot, thereby reducing the temperature of saidaxial portion'and so far displacing the molten metal within the ingot asto deflate and fill any pipe, cavity, or blowhole that may have formedwithin the ingot, and, finally, stripping the mold from the ingot aftersaid bar or rod has become fixed in or incorporated with themass ofsteel composing the ingot.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a machine orapparatus for rapidly carrying out the several steps of this process, tothe end that the ingots may be perfected or cured as rapidly as they canbe produced at the converter-house and cared for at thestripping-station.

A particular object of this invention is to provide a comparativelylight and handy machine for placing, holding, and driving the rods orbillets which are employed in the process, and which machine shall alsobe adapted to assert a considerable pressure upon the top of the ingotin the mold at the moment when said rod or billet is being driven intothe same, to prevent the disruption of the ingot-crust.

Another'special object of my invention is to provide a machine of thecharacter recited which may beemployed in cooling the upper crust of theingot when need be, and still another object of my invention is toprovide an ingot perfecting or curing machine that may be operated by asingle person.

My invention consists generally in an ingotperfecting machine comprisinga suitable frame that is arranged above the ingot-mold stand, incombination with means for moving said frame vertically and laterally toproperly position thesame, a rod or billet holder provided in saidjrame,and a billet-driver also provided in the frame for driving the rod orbillet out of said holder and into an ingot placed in which- Figures 1to 5, inclusive, are vertical sectional elevations of my machine,illustrating the several steps in its operation; and Fig. 6 is asectional view of my novel perfected ingot.

A thorough understanding of my machine will befacilitated by anexplanation of the process in which it is employed and of the resultsaccomplished by its use. I will therefore state the same beforeproceeding to the description of the machine in detail, referringmeantime to the drawings.

' In carrying out my process the molten steel is poured into the mold 2and allowed to stand therein for a considerable length of time until thetop crust B of the ingot A has formed and gained considerable thicknessand solidity. In the meantime a pipe or cavity may have begun to formwithin the ingot, depending upon the quality of the steel, or, in otherwords, upon the quantity of gas that is contained therein and theinternal shrinkage of the ingot. The non-presence or the presence andextent of the pipe or blow-hole in the ingot A may be due to many andvarying conditions, all of which I am able to ignore through theemployment of a bar, rod, or mold-piece C, which I preferably thrustthrough the top crust B of the ingot at any convenient moment before themold 2 is stripped from the ingot A. I preferably heat this bar, rod, orbillet C before thrusting it into the ingot; but it'is always coolerthan the molten center D of the ingot. The rod C therefore supplies anydeficiency of metal Within the ingot and also performs the equallyimportant office of suddenly reducing the temperature of the central oraxial portion of the ingot to more quickly render it plastic and by sodoing disperse the gases and metal loids that would otherwise collect atthe center of the ingot. Such dispersion is due to actual displacementbythe billet and also to the expulsion of the gases and metalloids fromthe steel as it cools from the center outward. The thrusting of the rodG into the ingotA occupies but a moment, and as the metal quickly coolsaround the upper end of the rod, the means used for driving the rod intothe ingot may be removed at once. The ingot then stands un til it isready to go to the stripping-machine, whereupon the mold is removed fromthe ingot and the latter is ready for the soaking pit or furnace. Inaddition to the foregoing I preferably subject the top of. the ingot topressure at the time when the rod is being driven into the ingot toprevent the eruption of the top crust B of the ingot by the pressurethat is created therein by the forcible introduction of the rod C. Theingot that is produced in this manner is solid throughout and free froma pipe or blow-holes. The rod will retain its form or become blendedwith the metal in the ingot, according to the temperature at which therod is introduced. If the temperature is low, the rod will simply weldwith the ingot mass, in the meantime serving ingot.

to dispel the metalloids, &c., from the center of the ingot. On theother hand, if the rod is quite hot when inserted it will melt and blendwith the ingot metal before the center of the ingot becomes plasticthrough the cooling of the ingot. I prefer in most cases to use a steelrod of better quality than the steel ingot and which when melted withinthe ingot serves to dilute the metalloids in the ingot andcorrespondingly raise the quality of the steel at the center of theingot. The rods used in different ingots need not be of the same length,and I prefer to fix the size thereof according to the internal pressurethat the ingot-walls andl the mold will withstand or the cubicalcapacity of the pipe which is likely to form in an ingot composed ofsteel of a given kind and quality.

Referring now to the drawings for the details of my invention, it willbe observed that the ingot-molds 2 are used in pairs upon the usual moldstools or cars 3. These cars run upon a track 4, that leads into theperfecting house or station, and the portion of one track beneath theperfecting-machine is termed the mold-stand. Means (not shown) areusually provided at this point for moving the moldcar back or forth toaccurately position the mold beneath the perfecting-machine. Saidperfecting-machine. preferably comprises a gravity-press, by whichconsiderable weight or pressure may be imposed upon the top of an ingotin the mold beneath the machine. In addition to being a press thismachine consti tutes a holder and a guide for the rod or billet G abovementioned. The machine also serves as and. includes a rod or billetdriver, by which said rod or billet C is forcibly driven through thecrust B of the ingot A and lodged in the aXial portion D thereof.

The essential parts of the machine are the guide-barrel or cozy 6, therod-driver 15, and the frame wherein the same are arranged and theweight of which may be employed to exert the necessary pressure on thetop of an Said frame 7 is suspended from and is laterally movable withthe car or truck 8 and is vertically movable by means of the hydraulicengine 9,provided on said car and having its piston-rod 9 joined to thetop of the frame.- (See Fig. 4:.) The cozy 6 is provided with trunnions6' and is trunnioned between the arms 7 of thelarge fork whichI provideupon the lower end of the frame 7 The fork portion of the frame alsocarries the long fluidcylinder 12, in which the piston 15 of the driver15 is arranged. The cylinder 12 and the cozy are concentric or in linewhen the cozy is in its normal vertical position, and said cozy isprovided with a central bore 13 to receive the end of the driver orpiston rod 15 when the latter is projected from the cylinder 12.

14: is a stop provided on the fork of the frame and with which the cozyengages when in its vertical position. This, if desired, may

be adjustable. The cozy is operated or swung rod of said engine beingpivoted upon the side of thecozy. By this means the cozy may be swunginto the inclined position to receive a billet C, as shown in Fig. 1 ofthe drawings.

11 represents the roll-chute by which the perfecting rods or billets Cfrom furnace (not shown) are delivered to the cozy when the latter is inits inclined position.

16 represents a dog or latch provided in the side of thecozy to engagethe bar or billet that is dropped into the same. The dog 16 is arrangedon the short shaft 17 below the trunnions 6 and on its end is providedwith a lever 18, having the weight 19 on one end and a small roller 20on the other end, said roller operates through the side of the cozy andmovably projects into the bore of the same.

When either the bar 0 or the driver enters the cozy, the roller isdisplaced and the lever 18 is thus operated to remove the dog 16 fromthe bore of the cozy and permit the rod or the driver to pass. When therod 0 is dropped into the cozy, its lower end strikes the stop-plate 22,which prevents the rod from falling out of the cozy. This plateis-pivoted upon a light frame 23, extending from the frame 7, and ispreferably held up by a spring 24, which yields to allow the cozy toswing up or down past the plate. The upper face of the plate 22 ispreferably corrugated and serves as a rasp to clean the lower end of therod at the time when the cozy is swung down or into its verticalposition.

The lower end of the cozy is larger than its upper portion and conformsto the shape of the mold. The extreme lower end 6 presents a flatsurface to the top of the ingot within the mold when the cozy is loweredthereon.

The walls of the cozy are preferably tapered oppositely to the taper ofthe ingot-mold to avoid the sticking of the cozy in the mold. Ipreferably make thecozy a metal casting and provide the same with aninternal chamber 6 To this I connect a pipe or pipes 25, whereby air orwater may be supplied to the interior of the, core for cooling the samewhenever necessary. To protect the hot rod which may be present in thecozy,I preferably arrange a hood or water-shed 26 around the driver 15and above the cozy. This hood is attached to the frame 7 below thestufling-box or gland in the lower end of the cylinder 12 and serves todeflect the water which, leaks through said stuffing-box, preventing the'fall thereof into the interior of the cozy, where it would cool the rodlodged therein. The several hydraulic or steam cylinders 9, 12, and 10are included in a The operation of my novel ingot-perfectingmachine isas follows: When a mold containing a new ingot arrives upon themold-stand beneath the perfecting-machine, said machine will be in itselevated position. At this time, orjust prior to the arrival of theingot, the cozy, guide, or rod-holder 6 is thro wn into its inclinedposition by means of the engine 10. In this position the upper end ormouth of the cozy is opposite the lower end of the rod-chute 11, andaheated rod or billet C is immediately supplied to the cozy. In passingor falling into the cozy the rod lifts the latch-roller 20, and therebyautomatically retracts the latch or dog 16, so that the rod may dropfreely into the lower part of the cozy with its upper end dropping to apoint beneath the roller 20. The rod strikes upon the stop-plate 22 andwill be held thereby until the cozy is swung back to its verticalposition. Meantime, as illustrated in Fig. 2, the rod will have beenengaged by the latch 1.6, the weight 19 imposed thereupon providingsufficient force to prevent the slipping of the rod in the cozy. Whenthe foot or lower end of the cozy moves away from the stop-plate 22,the'same will scrape the lower end of the rod and remove the scaletherefrom. As soon as the cozy has reached its vertical position againstthe stop 14. the whole frame 7 is allowed to fall, and the same havingbeen previously positioned exactly over the ingot-mold the foot of thecozy will drop into the top of the mold and rest upon the top crust ofthe ingot therein. If desired, the Whole pressure or weight of theperfecting-machine may thus be placed upon the ingot, and such pressureserves to prevent the eruption of said upper crust when the rodor billetis driven therethrough into themolten center of the ingot. The drivingof the ingot is accomplished as shown in Fig. 4:tO wit, by the downwardthrust of the driver 15, which expels. the rod from the holder or cozyand drives it into the ingot. It will be observed that as the rod passesthrough the crust of the ingot the scale. will be removed from the sidesof the rod, so that when the rod finally penetrates the ,ingot it willbe, bright and in good condition for quick welding therewith. Whennecessary, a cooling fluid may be supplied to the lower part of the cozyto assist in cooling and. thickening the uppercrust of the ingot.Iprefer in all cases to allow the cozy to remain in the mold for a shorttime after the rod hasbeen thrust into the ingot, the object of thisdelay being to insure the chilling of theupper end of the rod in the topcrust of the ingot. When sufficient timea few secondshas been allowedfor this purpose, the frame and the cozy are lifted, and thereupon theingot-mold, with its perfected ingot, may be removed to thestripping-station. Another filled mold is then placed beneath theperfecting-machine' and the foregoing operation is repeated, the

got which comes to my machine may contain avery large pipe or a numberof blow-holes; but upon leaving the machine it will be solid and uniformthroughout by reason of the addition of the perfecting-bar or billet,which fills the interior of the ingot to overflowing, thus closing allpipes and cavities and which as it incorporates with the ingot massincreases the strength of the central portionof the ingot.

It is obvious that numerous modifications of my invention will' readilysuggest themselves to one skilled in the art, and I therefore do notconfine the same to the specific instructions herein shown anddescribed.

Having thus described my invention, Iclaim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising a suitableframe that is movable above the ingot-mold stand, in combination, withmeans for moving said frame, to position the same, an elongated rod-cozycarried by said frame and a rod-driver also provided in said frame, fordriving a rod from said cozy into an ingot placed beneath it,substantially as described.

2. In an ingot-perfecting machine, the combination, of the ingot-moldstand,with a rodcozy, and means for driving a rod from said cozy, as andfor the purpose specified.

3. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising an ingot-press, having alaterally-movable ,member adapted to guide the perfecting rod or billet,in combination, with a billet-driver operable in said member when thelatter is in its normal position, substantially as described.

4:. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising a suitable frame, incombination, with a rod or billet cozy, to receive a rod or billet, a

latch for holding said rod or billet therein and means for forciblyexpelling the rod or billet from said cozy, substantially as described.

5. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising a suitable frame including orprovided with a movable cozy laterally movable with respect to saidframe, to contain a perfecting rod or billet, in combination with meansfor operating said cozy and a billet-driver provided on said'frame, toforcibly expel said rod or billet from said cozy, substantially asdescribed.

Q 6. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising a suitable frame, incombination with means for moving said frame, a rod or billet holder insaid frame, a billet-driver and scaleremoving means, for brightening therod or billet prior to its expulsion from said holder, substantially asdescribed.

7 An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising a vertically-movable billetholder or cozy, in combination, with a billet-driver and means forcooling said cozy, substantially as described.

8. An ingotperfectir'ig machine, comprising, in combination, thevertically and laterally movable frame, the rod or billet chute, thecozy trunnioned in said frame to receive a rod or billet from saidchute, means for op erating said cozy and a billet-driver, substantiallyas described.

9. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising a movable frame, incombination'with means for operating the same, a billet-cozy arranged insaid frame and provided with an' enlarged lower end, to fit aningot-mold, and a billet-driver, substantially as described.

10. An ingot-perfecting machine, 'compris' ing a movable frame, 1ncombination wlth means for operating the same, a billet-cozy arranged insaid frame, provided "with. a ta pered lower end, to fit an ingot-mold,suitable rod-holding means in connection with said cozy, and a rod orbillet driver, substantially as described.

11. An ingot-perfecting machine, compris' ing a vertically and laterallymovable frame, in combination with means for actuating the same, aperfecting rod or billet holder movably arranged in said frame, meansupon said frame for operating said cozy, a suitable latch for holding arod or billet in said cozy, a billetdriver provided on said frame andmeans for projecting same into said cozy to forcibly expel a rod orbillet therefrom, substantially a described.

12. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising a suitable frame, incombination with a swinging billet-cozy arranged therein and having acentral bore, to receive a rod or billet, means for operating said cozyand a corrugated or rasp-like billet-stop'arranged beneath said cozy, asand for the purpose specified.

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13. The combination of an ingot-mold coning rod into said ingot whilethe same is pressed upon by said foot, substantially as described;

15. An ingot-perfecting apparatus, comprising a rod or billet holdermovably supported above the ingot-mold stand and adapted to receive andtemporarily support a perfecting-rod, in combination with means fordriving such a rod from said holder and into an ingot placed beneath theholder, substantially as described.

16. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a perfecting-rod cozy, movablysupported above an ingot-mold stand and adapted to receive and support aperfecting-rod, in combination with means for lowering said cozy andpressing the same upon a molded ingot upon said stand, and means,independently operable, for driving a rod from said cozy into an ingotso positioned,

substantially as described.

17. In an ingot-perfecting apparatus, a ver tically and laterallymovable frame, in combination with means for moving the same, aperfecting-rod guiding and holding device, movably arranged in the lowerend of said frame,

a driver provided on said frame and adapted to operate in said guide andmeans for operating sa1d driver toexpel from sa1d guide a rod or billetpreviously placed therein, substantially as described.

18. An ingot-perfecting machine, comprising asuitable frame, incombination with means for moving the same verticallyand laterally abovean ingot-mold stand, a driver or plunger rod, means provided on saidframe for operating said driver, and a perfectingrod holder arranged insaid frame and capable of assuming two positionsjone permitting and theother preventing the movement of the driver therethrough, substantiallyas and for the purpose specified.

19. In aningot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combination witha driver-cylinder provided thereon, a driver projecting from saidcylinder and a perfecting-rod holder arranged beneath said cylinder andmovable with relation thereto, substantially as described.

20. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame suspended above aningot-mold 22. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a pervided upon saidframe above said holder, substantially as described.

fecting-rod holder or cozy pivotally suspended above an ingot-mold standand adapted to assume different positions, in combination with aperfecting-rod driver operable through said holder in only one of thepositions of said holder, substantially as described.

23.- ln-an ingot-perfecting machine, a perfecting-rod cozy, adapted tocontain a perfecting-rod and normally occupying a vertical position, incombination with a driver operable through said cozy when in itsvertical position, and means for inclining said cozy, substantially'asand for the purpose specified.

24. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith a driver vertically movable therein, a perfecting-rod cozy ableframe, in combination with a driver longitudinally movable therein, aperfecting-rod guide and holder provided in said frame,said guide andholder being normally in alinement with said driver but adapted to bemoved out of alinement therewith, and a latch or securing deviceprovided in connection with said holder and automatically operable bythe movement of said driver, substantially as described.

27. In an ingot-perfectingmachine, a suitable frarne, in combinationwith'a driver longitudinally movable therein, a perfecting-rod guide andholder provided in said frame, said guide and holder being normally inalinement with said driver but adapted. to be moved out of alinementtherewith, and a latch or securing device provided in connection withsaid holder and automatically operable by the movements of said holderand said driver, substantially as described.

28. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suspended frame, in combinationwith a driver longitudinally movable therein,a perfectingr'od cozyarranged in said frame and normally in alinement with said driver, andme'ansiupon the frame for moving said cozy with relation to said driver,to receive a perfecting-rod, substantially as described.

29. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith a driver-rod, means for actuating said rod, a perfecting-rod cozynormally in alinement with said driverrod, and a latch provided uponsaid cozy and operable by said driver, substantially as described.

30. In an ingot-perfectingmachine,'asuit able'fram'e, in combinationwith a perfectingrod cozy suspended therein, means upon the frame forswinging said cozy, a bottom rod frame, substantially as described: 1

31. In an ingot-perfecting machine, asuitable frame, in combination witha perfectingrod cozy movable in said frame, a driver for stop upon saidframe and a driver also on said IIO expelling a rod from said cozy, alatch provided in connection with said cozy, and a bottom stop forcooperation with said cozy in one of its positions, substantially asdescribed.

32. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suspended frame and means formoving same vertically, in combination with a driver upon andlongitudinally movable in said frame, a rod or billet holder suspendedin said frame beneath said driver and means for actuating said holderand for securing the same in its normal position, substantially asdescribed.

33. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith a perfectingrod cozy pivotally suspended therein, means upon theframe for swinging said cozy and for securing the same in its normalposition, a latch operable to secure a perfecting-bar in said cozy whenthe latter is in its normal position and a driver operable to free saidlatch and expel a rod from said cozy, substantially as described.

34.. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith a perfecting rod or billet holder, a latch in connection therewithfor securing a rod or billet therein, and a driver for freeing saidlatch and expelling a rod or billet from said holder, substantially asdescribed.

35. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith a perfectingrod cozy movably supported in said frame, means uponthe frame for operating said cozy, a yielding bottom stop provided onsaid frame for cooperation with said cozy, a latch provided inconnection with said cozy and a suitable driver, substantially asdescribed.

36. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith a perfectingrod feeder, a rod-cozy provided in said frame, meansupon the frame for moving the cozy beneath said feeder and for returningthe cozy to its normal position, and a driver for expelling a rod fromthe cozy when the cozy is in its normal position, substantially asdescribed.

37. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a vertically and laterally movableframe suspended above an ingot-mold stand, in combination with aperfecting-rod feeder adjacent to said frame, a rod cozy or holderprovided in said frame and movable therewith, a rod-driver provided uponsaid frame and means upon the frame for positioning said cozy oppositesaid driver or opposite said feeder, substantially as described. I

38. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a vertically and laterally movableframe, above an ingot-mold stand, in combination with a perfecting-rodfeeder adjacent to said frame, a rod cozy or holder provided in saidframe and movable therewith, a rod driver provided upon said frame,means upon the frame for relatively positioning said cozy opposite saiddriver or opposite said feeder, and a latch automatically operable tosecure a rod received into the cozy from said feeder, said latch beingadapted to yield to said driver, substanpelling said rod through thelower end of said cozy, substantially as described.

40. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suit-- able frame, in combinationwith a perfectingrod cozy containing a central bore and open at itsupper and lower ends, a latch provided in connection with said cozy andhavingan operating part at the upper end thereof, whereby said latch isoperable by the entrance of a perfecting-rod, and arod-driver,substantially as described.

41. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a perfecting-rod cozy suspendedabove an ingotmold stand and provided with a central bore, incombination with a latch extending into said bore, a driver, and meansfor positioning said cozy to receive a perfecting-bar or said driver,substantially as described.

42. In'an ingot-perfecting machine, a perfecting-rod cozy suspended andlaterally movable above an ingot-mold stand and provided with a lowerend conforming in size and shape to the upper end of an ingot-mold, incombination with means for raising and lowering said cozy, and a drivernormally removed from said cozy but adapted to operate therethrough,substantially as described.

43. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a vertically and laterally movablecozy or rod-holder, open at its upper end to receive a perfectingrod andat its lower end to discharge such a rod, in combination with a driverfor expelling the rod from said cozy, substantially as described.

44:. In an ingot-perfecting machine, avertically and laterally movablecozy or rod-holder, open at its upper end to receive a perfectingrod andat its lower end to discharge such a rod, in combination with a driverfor expelling a rod from said cozy, and said cozy having a broad lowerend or pressure-foot to rest upon the top of the ingot, substantially asdescribed.

4.5. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suspended frame, in combinationwith means for moving the same vertically and laterally, aperfecting-rod cozy provided in the lower part of said frame, the lowerend of said cozy constituting a pressure-foot, a driver provided on saidframe and operable in said cozy, and means upon said frame forpositioning said cozy to receive a perfecting-rod or said driver,substantially as described.

IIO

46. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith means for moving the same as required, a cozy suspended in thelower part of said frame, means upon the frame foroperating said cozy, adriver provided in the upper part of the frame and a deflector throughwhich said driver is operable, arranged above said cozy, substantiallyas described.

47, In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame and means formoving the same as required, in combination with a cozy trunnioned insaid frame, fluid-actuated means on said frame for operating said cozyand a suitable rod-driver, substantially as described.

48. In an ingot-perfecting machine, a suitable frame, in combinationwith a perfecting- 1 rod-driving means provided on said frame,substantially as described.

49. In an ingot-perfectingmachine, a suitable frame, in combination withmeans for moving said frame, a rod cozy or holder provided in the lowerpart of said frame, a roddriver arranged in the upper part of saidframe, means upon the frame for actuating said cozy with relation tosaid driver, and a yielding rod-stop provided upon the frame forcooperation with the cozy in one of its positions, substantially asdescribed.

. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this llth day ofMay, 1903, at Chicago, Illinois, in the presence of two Witnesses.

ROBERT W; HUNT. Witnesses: I

C. G. HAWLEY, JOHN H. GARNsEY.

